Empire and State Formation

the Ming and Qing Dynasties
  • Visual Materials
Elegant Gathering in the Apricot Garden, ca. 1437, After Xie Huan (Chinese, 1377–1452), The MET Museum, 1989.141.3
Elegant Gathering in the Apricot Garden, ca. 1437, After Xie Huan (Chinese, 1377–1452), The MET Museum, 1989.141.3
"Receiving the surrender of the Ili". Marching during the spring, the Qing army reaches Kouldja on the Ili river without opposition, 1755.
"Receiving the surrender of the Ili". Marching during the spring, the Qing army reaches Kouldja on the Ili river without opposition, 1755.
Portrait of the Imperial Bodyguard Zhanyinbao, dated 1760, by an unidentified artist, The MET Museum, 1986.206
Portrait of the Imperial Bodyguard Zhanyinbao, dated 1760, by an unidentified artist, The MET Museum, 1986.206
Do states develop before or after empires form?
  • Visual Materials
Portuguese Maritime expansion, 1300s-1500s.
Portuguese Maritime expansion, 1300s-1500s.
Goa, from Linschoten’s Itinerario, 1596, by Jan van Doetechum, the younger, ca. 1560-1630. John Carter Brown Library.
Goa, from Linschoten’s Itinerario, 1596, by Jan van Doetechum, the younger, ca. 1560-1630. John Carter Brown Library.
View of Malacca, 1511.
View of Malacca, 1511.
The realms of Philip II of Spain
The realms of Philip II of Spain
Boxer Codex, ca. 1590, Lilly Library, Indiana University; http://purl.dlib.indiana.edu/iudl/general/VAB8326
Boxer Codex, ca. 1590, Lilly Library, Indiana University; http://purl.dlib.indiana.edu/iudl/general/VAB8326
Map of Amsterdam, ca. 1643.
Map of Amsterdam, ca. 1643.
Picture10
Job Adriaenszoon Berckheyde: The Old Exchange of Amsterdam. 1675.
Job Adriaenszoon Berckheyde: The Old Exchange of Amsterdam. 1675.
Map of Batavia and surrounding region, Atlas van der Hagen, Royal Library, The Hague, Part 4. Weduwe van Jacob van Meurs, 1682.
Map of Batavia and surrounding region, Atlas van der Hagen, Royal Library, The Hague, Part 4. Weduwe van Jacob van Meurs, 1682.

Depiction of D. Afonso de Albuquerque, governor of the Portuguese Indies (1509-1515), wearing a cloak of the Order of Santiago.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afonso_de_Albuquerque#/media/File:Afonso_de_Albuquerque_(with_Santiago_cloak).jpg

Islands in today’s Philippines.

Antonio Pigafetta, Journal of Magellan’s Voyage, ca. 1525. Beinecke Library, Yale University. https://pre1600ms.beinecke.library.yale.edu/docs/pre1600.ms351.htm